Search results for "Plume height"

showing 2 items of 2 documents

Ash-plume dynamics and eruption source parameters by infrasound and thermal imagery: The 2010 Eyjafjallajökull eruption

2013

During operational ash-cloud forecasting, prediction of ash concentration and total erupted mass directly depends on the determination of mass eruption rate (MER), which is typically inferred from plume height. Uncertainties for plume heights are large, especially for bent-over plumes in which the ascent dynamics are strongly affected by the surrounding wind field. Here we show how uncertainties can be reduced if MER is derived directly from geophysical observations of source dynamics. The combination of infrasound measurements and thermal camera imagery allows for the infrasonic type of source to be constrained (a dipole in this case) and for the plume exit velocity to be calculated (54–14…

010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciencesMeteorologyInfrasound Thermal cameras Volcanic Plume dynamicsInfrasoundPlume heightInfrasound010502 geochemistry & geophysicsAtmospheric sciences01 natural sciencesGeochemistry and PetrologyThermalEarth and Planetary Sciences (miscellaneous)ddc:5500105 earth and related environmental sciencesPlume heightLead (sea ice)Escape velocityPlumeGeophysics13. Climate actionSpace and Planetary ScienceParticle-size distributionEruption rateAsh eruptionsMass eruption rateGeology
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Classifying Major Explosions and Paroxysms at Stromboli Volcano (Italy) from Space

2021

Stromboli volcano has a persistent activity that is almost exclusively explosive. Predominated by low intensity events, this activity is occasionally interspersed with more powerful episodes, known as major explosions and paroxysms, which represent the main hazards for the inhabitants of the island. Here, we propose a machine learning approach to distinguish between paroxysms and major explosions by using satellite-derived measurements. We investigated the high energy explosive events occurring in the period January 2018–April 2021. Three distinguishing features are taken into account, namely (i) the temporal variations of surface temperature over the summit area, (ii) the magnitude of the …

High energygeographygeography.geographical_feature_categorysatellite remote sensingExplosive materialLand surface temperaturemachine learning classifierScienceQPlume heightoptical imageryMagnitude (mathematics)volcanic explosionsPlumeVolcanoGeneral Earth and Planetary Sciencesradar imageryvolcanic explosions; satellite remote sensing; machine learning classifier; optical imagery; radar imagerySeismologyGeologyVolcanic ashRemote Sensing
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